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- Images from the Mandelbrot Set
-
- Each dot on each picture represents a complex number. The Mandelbrot set
- consists of the complex numbers c for which the sequence
-
- 2 2 2 2 2 2
- {c, c +c, (c +c) + c, [(c +c) +c] +c, . . . }
-
- does not approach infinity. In these pictures, points in the Mandelbrot
- set are represented by black. A colored area represents a set of numbers
- for which the sequence diverges after a certain number of steps. Color
- assignments are arbitrary and differ from one picture to another.
-
- One of these pictures shows an area containing the whole Mandelbrot set.
- The others show magnified portions. The amount of magnification is limited
- by the accuracy of the computer's arithmetic and the time available.
-
- The boundary of the Mandelbrot set is a fractal curve. The number of
- dimensions is somewhere between one and two. Many fractal curves are
- self-similar: they consist of parts which are exact miniatures of the
- whole. The Mandelbrot set has infinitely many parts which resemble the
- whole, but they are all different.
-
- See the August 1985 issue of Scientific American.
-
- Instructions:
-
- 1. Make a working copy of the program. Copy the files on the distribution
- disk to a system disk (formatted with the /S parameter). You may make as
- many copies as you wish and distribute them for other people to use
- provided you do not modify the program or documentation.
-
-
- 2. To start the program, enter MBS followed by a file name such as WORLD.MAP.
- WORLD.MAP is a file containing an overview of the Mandelbrot set. If you
- enter the name of a file that does not already exist, the program will
- create that file and another file of the same name but with an .EDG
- extension, containing information about the picture. If you enter the name
- of a file that already exists, the .EDG file must also be in the same
- directory.
-
- You may put a number after the file name on the command line, which
- determines the maximum number of iterations for each pixel. The default
- parameter is 2, which is the smallest number the program will accept. The
- maximum number of iterations is 42 times the square of the parameter plus
- the lower bound.
-
- 3. If the file has already been created, the picture will appear on the
- screen. This will take a while if the picture has not been computed yet,
- in which case it will appear one byte at a time as it is computed, which
- usually takes a long time.
-
- If the file has not been created yet, the program will ask for the edge
- coordinates of the picture.
-
- If you want to interrupt the program while it is making a picture, press
- control C and it will save up to the last completed line.
-
- 4. When the picture is done, you can change the color set by pressing C.
- (Does not work with EGA.)
-
- 5. If the picture is done, you can select a new picture. Press S (for
- smaller) several times, then press the down key. Lines will appear. Use
- the cursor keys, S, and B (for bigger) to move the lines until they are
- above and below the area you want in the new picture. Then press the
- return key. The program will ask for a file name for the new picture.
-
- If you don't want to select a new picture, press the return key and the
- program will stop.
-
- 6. If you like this program or think you would like it if it ran much faster
- or if you could change it, and if you have 8087 capability or a C compiler,
- send $39.95 (check or money order) to
-
- Odhner Corporation
- RD1 Box 28A Perkiomenville Rd.
- Perkiomenville, PA 18074
-
- and we will send you (Postpaid in USA) the ultra-fast 8087 version and the
- C (DeSmet) source code and assembly language enhancement. (PA residents
- please add 6% tax.) The C program compiled for 8087 runs many times faster
- than the plain 8086 version. The assembly language enhancement makes it go
- more than twice as many times faster.